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Romanian Journal of Biology - Zoology
ROMANIAN ACADEMY |
IMPACT OF INDUCED STRESS ON PARASITIC AND FREE LIVING NEMATODES FROM SELECTED AREAS OF GUJARAT: A PRELIMINARY STEP AIMED AT NEMATODE CONTROL
ZANKHANA R. PANDIT*, HYACINTH N. HIGHLAND, LINZ-BUOY GEORGE
Abstract:
Nematodes are a diverse group of soil fauna, the group of roundworms belonging to the phylum Nematoda. More than 14,000 nematode species have been described, distributed in almost every habitat, from free-living forms to parasitic types. In the present study, we identified five nematode species from Fenugreek leaves (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), Green onion (Allium fistulosum L.) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), from freshwater bodies, as well as from neighbouring privately owned farmlands in the Village Boriavi, District Anand, Gujarat. After identification and classification nematodes were cultivated on Nematode Growth Medium (NGM) plates and assays for various stress parameters such as salinity, heat and pH were carried out to evaluate the influence of altered physical conditions on growth and survival of these organisms. The data obtained would facilitate measures for the control of agricultural pest nematodes. Identification studies revealed the presence of Prodontorhabditis spp. from Green onion (Allium fistulosum), Eudorylaimus spp. from Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Doryllium minor and Radopholus spp. from root soil of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Anand district and Aporcelaimus spp. from freshwater bodies, Ahmedabad. Salinity stress was observed to increase the mortality rate in Prodontorhabiditis spp., whereas, specified increased salt concentration appeared to have growth promoting effects in juveniles of Doryllium minor and Radopholus spp. The results of the heat stress assay indicated that temperatures above 40ºC prove lethal for all test nematode species, with fatal effects in all developing stages. The results of the pH stress assay suggested that plant parasitic nematode species showed optimum growth at pH of 8 for Radopholus spp. Hence, maintaining pH conditions of pH 9 would prove effective in controlling the plant parasitic nematodes i.e. Radopholus spp. and this pH level would not adversely affect free living nematode species i.e. Prodontorhabditis spp., since they showed favourable growth conditions at a pH range from 8.5 to 9.0. Thus, the study helped to identify crucial stress conditions, which could help curtail growth of parasitic nematodes by altering the ambient soil environment.
Citation:
ZANKHANA R. PANDIT*, HYACINTH N. HIGHLAND, LINZ-BUOY GEORGE, 2022. IMPACT OF INDUCED STRESS ON PARASITIC AND FREE LIVING NEMATODES FROM SELECTED AREAS OF GUJARAT: A PRELIMINARY STEP AIMED AT NEMATODE CONTROL, Romanian Journal of Biology - Zoology, 67(1-2): 31–43.
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