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Romanian Journal of Biology - Zoology ROMANIAN ACADEMY Institute of Biology - Bucharest |
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2002, VOLUME 47, 1-2
CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF OPILIONID FAUNA (ARACHNIDA: OPILIONES) FROM TIMIŞ DISTRICT pp. 3-8 ANDA BĂBĂLAN
The present paper reports the presence of 16 epigeic Opilionid species in a very little studied region from Romania: Timi~ district. From the 16 species, only one - Opilio parietinus (De Geer) was mentioned in Timiş Plain. The presence of Nemastoma transsylvanicum Gruber et Martens in Rachita extends the species areal in Romania. Taking the areal into consideration the share of different Opilionid species met within the collecting made in Timiş is given. RARE AND ENDANGERED FISHES IN THE DRAINAGE AREA OF THE MIDDLE AND LOWER DANUBE BASIN pp. 9-19 PETRU M. BĂNĂRESCU
Six fish and one lamprey are endemic to the middle/lower Danube basin, two other species are shared only with the upper Danube. Some of them are abundant in their small range, but must be considered vulnerable. Some running water species are still widely distributed and locally abundant, but must be considered vulnerable because their habitat is endangered. Endangered standing water species are Umbra krameri and especially Carassius carassius. COMPARISON STUDY OF ENCEPHALON IN OPSARIICHTYS PACHYCEPHALUS, ZACCO PLATYPUS AND ZACCO TEMMNICKII (PISCES, TELEOSTEI, CYPRINIDAE) pp. 21-30 CARMEN BĂLESCU
The research carried on external morphology of encephalon, in 3 species of cyprinids: Opsariichthys pachycephalus, Zacco platypus and Z. temmnickii, show few differences, regarding the aspect of encephalon vesicles, depending on body length, environment and life style. By taking in account the development of vagal and facial lobes at the myelencephalon level, cyprinids species studied are in the group I, a group with vagal and facial lobes medium developed. By morphological criterion, the encephalon of analyzed species belongs to the group of basis brains of cyprinids type (generalised). Varability of encephalon divisions and subdivisions is low and medium at the studied species being influenced by environmental factors and fish size and they have normal parameters. TAXONOMIE ET NOMENCLATURE ACTUALISÉES CONCERNANT LES ESPÈCES DES SCARABÉOIDÉS (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEOIDEA) EN ROUMANIE (À L'EXCLUSION DE LA FAM. DES LUCANIDAE) pp. 31-41 CORNELIA CHIMIŞLlU
There is presented a checklist of the Romanian Scarabeidae fauna (excepting the species of the Lucanidae family) using literature data from 1891 until now. This paper completes and updates the taxonomy and the nomenclature of the Scarabeidae species presented by Panin (1955, 1957). The phyletic classification of the Scarabeoidea superfamily taxons follows the new taxonomical system proposed for the Romanian Scarabeidae fauna. THE KARYOTYPE CHARACTERIZATION IN CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO (BLOCH) MALES AND FEMALES OF UNISEXUAL AND BISEXUAL POPULATIONS pp. 43-52 LILIANA GREGORIAN, ATENA SCRIPCARIU
The analysis of the relationships between the sexes in C. a. gibelio revealed that the two sexes appear in certain populations considered bisexual; but near boundaries of the spreading area (Far East-Europe) the male proportion decreases. Thus some populations became unisexual, as a result of prevalent gynogenetic way of reproduction. The aim of investigations was to identify any differences at the chromosomal level to justify this type of population dimorphism. The cytogenetic was made on two morphotypes ("old form" and "new form") which set up unisexual and bisexual populations in natural habitat. The cytogenetic characterisation of some bisexual C. a. gibelio populations showed the existence of dimorphism between males 2n (2x) = 98 ± 2 and females. The study of female karyotypes did not revealed notable differences at the chromosomal level two morphotypes. IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF ACTIN AND ά- TUBULIN IN PREVITELLOGENIC OOCYTES OF CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO pp. 53-57 OTILIA ZĂRNESCU
The organization of cytoplasmic actin and ά-tubulin during previtellogenic phase of crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, was examined by immunoperoxidase technique. Actin has been seen in the cortical cytoplasm and microvilli in all previtellogenic oocytes. In addition, a network of actin cables appears in the perinuclear cytoplasm surrounding the germinal vesicle. ά-tubulin was present throughout cytoplasm in oogonia (32 μm). During stage I (oocyte diameters from 41 to 58 μm) microtubules were concentrated in the perinuclear cytoplasm and often observed in association with perinuclear mitochondrial aggregates that correspond to Balbiani's body. In the early previtellogenic oocytes with diameters of 92-116 μm the perinuclear network of microtubules begins to dispersate throughout the cytoplasm. At the end of early previtellogenic phase of oogenesis (183 μm) a dense network of ά-tubulin fills the entire cytoplasm. The onset of cortical alveoli formation coincided with an apparent reduction of cytoplasmic microtubules, although some of these oocytes show a subplasmalemal concentration of ά-tubulin. Finally, in the oocytes greater than 392 μm cytoplasmic ά-tubulin disappeared from most areas of cytoplasm except for the perinuclear region where occur a punctate pattern. FINE STRUCTURE OF THE LIVER IN HAMSTER CHRONICALLY INTOXICATED WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE pp. 59-64 C-C.PRUNESCU, PAULA PRUNESCU
This paper describes the ultrastructure of the cellular lesions persisted in the hamster liver after the ceasing of the CCl4 chronic treatment. The damage, death and disappearance of the hepatic sinusoid endothelial cells and also different types of hepatocyte injuries were presented. Hepatic cirrhosis features like the extension of the necrotic areas, biliary proliferations, inflammation and fibrogenesis were discussed. The generalized hepatic sinusoidal injury seemed to represent the essential condition of these processes. HEPATIC VIBROSIS IN HAMSTERS AFTER TMH-FERROCENE CONTAINING DIET pp. 65-70 PAULA PRUNESCU, C-C.PRUNESCU
Syrian golden hamsters received a diet enriched with 0.5 % TMH-ferrocene for a period of 30 days. Immediately after the ceasing of the treatment, the hepatocytes were homogenously loaded with Perls-positive material. In time, the hepatocytes iron loading discharged gradually. The Kupffer cells overloaded with siderosomes detached from the sinusoid walls. These cells concentrated in the subcapsular zones or in the portal spaces. Often, they syncytialized forming iron multinucleated giant cells. Near the heavy iron loaded cell agglomerations, around the portal zones, fibroblast like cells were present. These cells were activated to synthesize and depose important quantities of collagen fibres. The central veins were fibrosed. The portal cirrhosis occurred in about half of the number of experimental hamsters.
NEUROPEPTIDE TYROSINE (NPY - )-IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURAL AND ENDOCRINE ELEMENTS IN THE AMPHIBIAN GASTROENTERIC TRACT pp. 71-77 LUMINIŢA UNGUREANU, IOANA TRANDABURU, T. TRANDABURU
The gastrointestinal tract of four amphibians species (newts and frogs) was investigated immunohistochemically for the occurrence and topographic distribution of neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY) by using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABCperoxidase) procedure. A relative poor NPY innervation consisting of nerve fibers in stomach and of nerve fibers and ganglion perikarya in the entire gut was seen in newts. In addition to the neural structures, the large intestine of these urodeles displayed several immunostained endocrine cells. As compared to newts, the endocrine cells were the sole immunolabelled elements encountered in the frog gastroenteric tract. The above findings are discussed in connection with those previously reported in other taxa of vertebrates. NEUROPEPTIDE TYROSINE (NPY) IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF SEVERAL REPTILES pp. 79-86 IOANA TRANDABURU, T. TRANDABURU, LUMlNIŢA UNGUREANU
The occurrence and topographic distribution of neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY) have been investigated immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal tract of turtles, lizards and snakes by using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase procedure. The stomach of all reptiles displayed exclusively immunostained neural structures (perikarya and/or nerve fibers), whereas the intestine both neural and endocrine elements. Their numerical distribution varied widely among the taxa under study and along the gastroenteric tract and only slightly among the individuals of the same species. Two distribution patterns of NPYcontaining enteroendocrine cells - specific for turtles and for lizards and snakes, respectively - have been identified. The localizations and numerical distribution pecularities of NPY -immunopositive elements in the reptilian gastrointestinal tract are discussed in connection with the findings in other taxa of vertebrates. EFFECTS OF HEAVY WATER ON ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF HEP 2 AND CHO CELLS IYSOSOMES pp. 87-96 WANDA BUZGARlU, OTlLIA ZAANESCU, MARIA CALOlANU, ANISOARA CIMPEAN, GH.TITESCU, I.STEFANESCU
The heavy water effects on the ultrastructure and function of Hep 2 and CHO lysosomal cell compartment were investigated using electron microscopy and enzymatic studies. The cell viability, measured by neutral red uptake assay and the total protein content determination, has shown a dose dependent decrease in cell growth for both studied cell types. The electron microscopy study has revealed a progressive increase in number and size of Iysosomes and autophagosomes after 96 h exposure to different deuterium concentrations media in a dose dependent manner. The enzymatic determination in the lysosomal pellet revealed an increased acid phosphatase activity in both cell types (15% and 33% for Hep 2, respectively 24% and 52% for CHO) exposed to media with high (65%, 90%) D20 content. TURBELLARIA SPREADING WITHIN IRON GATES AREA EXISTING IN BENTHIC AND PHYTOPHILE FAUNA pp. 97-105 MARIA NĂSTĂSESCU, VIRGINIA POPESCU-MARINESCU
The work presents a review on turbellaria in the Iron Gates area, based both on data of the literature and on our own, unpublished data. The analyzed material enabled us to state that most of benthic species are concentrated within the higher area of the Iron Gates (i.e. Iron Gates I damlake), where they also reach the highest densities. Among them, the main taxa are Palaeodendrocoelum romanodanubialis. Otoplana antipai, Oligochaerus limnophyllus. all of them being Ponto-Caspian elements. The favourite substrata for the respective species are the stony, muddy and stony-muddy ones. Dugesia tigrina. usually a phytophilic one, was found both among the zoobenthic components and those on the vegetation. D. tigrina as well as D. gonocephala habitate, the former, usually and the latter exclusively on the macrophyte vegetation in the Iron Gates II damlake. IXODIDAE SPECIES IN DOMESTIC MAMMALS IN ROMANIA pp. 107-115 IRINA TEODORESCU, ELENA POPA
During 1984-1995, a total of 5,733 domestic mamals (ovins, bovines, equides) were investigated. The research was done in 152 localities of 34 districts of Romania. Six Ixodidae species (Ixodes ricinus, Boophilus calcaratus, Dermacentor reticulatus, Hyalomma plumbeum, Haemaphysalis punctata, Rhipicephalus bursa) belonging to Metastigmata order were identified. The species frequence and dominance, the infestation intensity, the host specificity, host body distribution, the polyparasitism cases and the vectorial role were also determined. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF COLORADO POTATO BEETLE IN ROMANIA BY INUNDATIVE RELEASES OF PODISUS MACULIVENTRIS SAY (HETEROPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) pp. 117-121 T. MANOLE, MARIA IAMANDEI, IRINA TEODORESCU
The possibility of using various natural enemies in the biological control of pests is now a necessity more than ever. The use of biocontrol agents implies the availability of adequate rearing techniques enabling large-scale production at low costs. Mass production and periodic colonization of predators or parasitoids species is one of strategy to increase the effectiveness of the biological control. Our researches establish for the first time in Romania that the species Podisus maculiventris Say could be a valuable agent for the biological control of of L. decemlineata in the field conditions. P. maculiventris was reared under controlled conditions in the small biostation at Research Institute for Plant Protection (RIPP)Bucharest. The technical line and ensemble of facilities was previously described (Manole T., 1993). After mass rearing tests, based of its economic growing in industrial facilities, the four instar larvae M. domestica host we recommend for predatory feeding. The obtained results establish the moment and rate of release in field and effectiveness of predatory rate against Colorado potato beetle in four regions of Romania. ACARIDAE SPECIES CAUSING ACARIOSIS IN DOMESTIC MAMMALS AND BIRDS IN ROMANIA pp. 123-128 ELENA POPA, IRINA TEODORESCU
During 1984-1995 over 6,000 domestic mammals (ovins, bovines, equids, sui des, can ides, felides, leporines) and birds (gallinaceae) were investigated. The researches carried out in '152 localities from 35 districts of Romania. A number of 8 'caridae species (Sarcoptes scabiei var. ovis, bovis, equi, suis, Notoedres cati var. cuniculi, Cnemidocoptes laevis and Cnemidocoptes mutans, Otodectes cynotis, Psoroptes equi var cuniculi, Chorioptes bovis, Demodex canis), belonging to Astigmata and Prostigmata orders were identified. These species caused acariosis diseases (sarcoptosis, notoedrosis, psoroptosis, chorioptosis, otodectosis, cnemidocoptosis and demodicosis). |
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